8-在公网服务器中搭建nginx反向代理

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概览

HomeLab中的服务逐渐增多，配置SSL的任务也繁琐起来，如果每次都是在对应docker内部部署证书过于麻烦，且无法统一自动化管理，所以改为在公网服务器搭建nginx反向代理，利用letsencrypt自动更新域名证书。

安装nginx

安装nginx

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sudo apt install nginx

启动nginx

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sudo systemctl start nginx

检查nginx状态

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sudo systemctl status nginx

安装后web目录：/var/www/html/

配置目录：/etc/nginx/

配置frp

因为要把80 和 443端口提供给nginx进行连接并反向处理，这里配置frp的vhost_http_port为7080，vhost_https_port为7443

CleanShot 2024-04-29 at 00.55.32@2x

配置nginx

无ssl配置

在nginx配置中增加一些server配置，此时80端口可以调通，基本就稳了，剩下的就是443的证书工作了

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server {
listen 80;  
# listen 443 ssl;                                                       
server_name alfredty.com;                                             
client_max_body_size 1024M;

location / {
    # proxy_pass http://alfredty.com:7080;
    # proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
    proxy_pass       http://alfredty.com:7080;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_ssl_server_name on;
}
}

server {
listen 80;  
# listen 443 ssl;                                                       
server_name tool.alfredty.com;                                             
client_max_body_size 1024M;

location / {
    # proxy_pass http://alfredty.com:7080;
    # proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
    proxy_pass       http://tool.alfredty.com:7080;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_ssl_server_name on;
}
}

server {
listen 80;  
# listen 443 ssl;                                                       
server_name op.alfredty.com;                                             
client_max_body_size 1024M;

location / {
    # proxy_pass http://alfredty.com:7080;
    # proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
    proxy_pass       http://op.alfredty.com:7080;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_ssl_server_name on;
}
}

server {
listen 80;  
# listen 443 ssl;                                                       
server_name git.alfredty.com;                                             
client_max_body_size 1024M;

location / {
    # proxy_pass http://git.alfredty.com:7080;
    # proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
    proxy_pass       http://git.alfredty.com:7080;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_ssl_server_name on;
}
}

完成配置后重启nginx

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service nginx restart

配置证书

使用letsencrypt获得免费证书，通过其certbot获取和管理证书。

安装certbot

https://certbot.eff.org/instructions?ws=nginx&os=ubuntufocal&tab=standard

获取证书并修改nginx配置

获取证书：

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# 先测试下（如果失败可能是nginx已配置了ssl证书，先注释下嘛）
sudo certbot certonly --nginx --dry-run
# 没问题再真的运行
sudo certbot certonly --nginx
CleanShot 2024-04-29 at 23.59.06@2x

按照输出的证书路径配置nginx

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server {
listen 80;
#请填写绑定证书的域名
server_name alfredty.com op.alfredty.com tool.alfredty.com git.alfredty.com; 
#把http的域名请求转成https
return 301 https://$host$request_uri; 
}

server {
#SSL 默认访问端口号为 443
listen 443 ssl;
#请填写绑定证书的域名
server_name alfredty.com; 
#请填写证书文件的相对路径或绝对路径
ssl_certificate  /etc/letsencrypt/live/alfredty.com/fullchain.pem; 
#请填写私钥文件的相对路径或绝对路径
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/alfredty.com/privkey.pem; 
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
#请按照以下套件配置，配置加密套件，写法遵循 openssl 标准。
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
#请按照以下协议配置
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location / {
    proxy_pass       http://alfredty.com:7080;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_ssl_server_name on;
}
}

# ... 后面以此类推，只要配置op.alfredty.com tool.alfredty.com git.alfredty.com的443的server就可以了

更新证书

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# 测试更新
sudo certbot renew --dry-run
# 没问题再真的运行
sudo certbot renew
CleanShot 2024-04-30 at 00.26.06@2x

添加证书

后续如果有新的域名想要配置到证书中，可以直接用命令添加即可，记得要先把历史的也协商

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certbot certonly --cert-name alfredty.com -d xxx.alfredty.com,yyy.alfredty.com,zzz.alfredty.com,alfredty.com,aaa.alfredty.com,bbb.alfredty.com,ccc.alfredty.com

查看、管理证书

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certbot certificates